What to wear?

[dm106]

Sebbie, I have been wearing Jockey Brand microfiber briefs. I have them in 2 sizes as you describe. I love the slick feel of them, similar to many of the swim briefs. And they seem to hold up well, too. To me they are much sexier than the tighty-whities.

[sebbie]

As I have indicated dozens of times before, guys learn at a very early age that certain body parts are sensitive to touch. For the most part, these body parts are located somewhere in the groin area, though there are of course exceptions to this rule as well. Learning about all of this in detail is a basic part of growing up and becoming an adult. The only catch is that guys frequently are in situations where they might not be able to get the privacy that they need to engage in the “lessons”.

Another rather complicated part of the problem is that once guys discovers the details of what works for them, a lot of what has been learned carries right on into adulthood and oftentimes through a guy’s adult life. Finding a partner for a relationship and then partner sex does not really change the parameters of what was learned. It is frequently a struggle for guys to quite know what to do with the accumulated knowledge that they have about how their own body responds to touch, and in particular whether or not to share this information with a sexual partner, particularly if what a guy really enjoys doing doesn’t necessarily require a partner.

As a basic illustration, take for example, a guy who, probably secretly, enjoys putting on and wearing a swim brief. The guy probably discovered this at a very early age, but is uncertain about what to do about his fascination with the idea. The guy feels really good when wearing a swim brief in all sorts of special ways, and looks forward to recreating those sensations as frequently as possible.

A basic question that the guy has is whether or not there are other guys, male peers, who feel and respond in the same way. He dare not admit what happens to him every time he puts on a swim brief. Worse, he realizes that if others, perhaps the same male peers, see him and he is only a little bit aroused, they are probably going to notice that. After all the “right” swim brief is designed to go fast in the water, and that often means minimal coverage along with maximum potential for getting one’s self in a potentially embarrassing situation, and perhaps a situation that could lead to teasing and bullying. So the sheer pleasure that arises from wearing a snug-fitting swim brief is accompanied by the fear and sheer terror of a situation that could get out of control quickly. What a dilemma!

Guys entering adulthood often long for being in a situation where they are nearly certain that they would have a degree of privacy for pursuing solo interests when they wanted to. In college, my dorm room situation was a little different from that of Josh and Dylan in that I was in a suite of rooms consisting of two doubles and a single room that shared a common bath and shower. Naturally, I managed to figure out a way to get the single. Mainly, I was in search of a setup that would allow me to pursue my solo interests without any fear of another guy walking in and disrupting me. What happened in the doubles in this suite setup I occasionally learned about, and my young self found that part most interesting. My suitemates had feelings and needs as well, and they were just a little more open about the whole thing. Me, I kept all this stuff all to myself, and I could, given the near ideal setup I was in. I was not a swimmer in HS or in college, though somehow I managed to get a few items such as my first snug-fitting swim brief to be able to wear jerking off, and no one else was the wiser!

The trickiest part about all of this for me has always been that once a guy discovers something, say a snug-fitting article of clothing, that he enjoys wearing while playing with his own body, that is something that may very well last a lifetime, and whether or not a guy is in a relationship with a partner that involves sex or not. I’ve often thought that openly gay guys are better situated in dealing with this than are straight guys. Admitting to another gay guy that you enjoy wearing a swim brief in a special way would be easier than trying to explain to a female partner exactly what is going on in your mind and body in this regard. With luck, a guy will find a gay partner who also has the same ‘hang up” as well and life will be kind for both.

Where to begin on all of this with a female partner is tricky as all get out, given that so many women have been conditioned (usually by their moms) to erroneously believe that a female is the only person or thing that can get a guy aroused and give him sexual pleasure. So this other world where a guy gets off in a completely different way employing stimulation the female doesn’t even believe exists is just too complicated to imagine. Where does the skimpy swim brief fit into all of this, anyway?

But look at the external evidence. Guys are falling into and out of relationships all the time, and the divorce rate for married heterosexual couples is usually well over 50 percent. Do you really think that the guys who have fallen out of a relationship never retreat to pleasuring themselves, using some of the same skills and techniques that worked long before they entered their first relationship?

Finally, think about Josh and Dylan, two guys living in a tiny men’s dorm room double with essentially zero privacy. What is it, anyway, about Dylan’s mere knowledge that Josh is having fun in that skimpy little thong that makes what is going on with Josh so arousing for Dylan? From Dylan’s perspective, this mere knowledge is sexually exciting in the extreme, even though there is no physical sexual contact between the two of them. Oddly enough, Josh gets the same way just thinking about Dylan pleasuring himself in that little swim brief.

Does this somehow mean that Dylan and Josh are actually two gay guys who once thought they were straight? Or is this just two young college students having fun in ways they never dreamed of doing when they were still in high school? At one point, Dylan was naïve enough to think he was the only guy in the world who got turned on by wearing snug-fitting clothing, but then he ran into Bill and Joe both wearing their gear in the big men’s bathroom down the hall and from that night onward he knew that he was not the only one.

Josh seemed more than a little shy at first, but just watching what Dylan was up to when he got his first Amazon order suddenly made a big difference. Something ‘clicked” in Josh’s head and body too, and both Dylan and josh are where they are right now, comfortable being around each other is ways that they might not been comfortable had this all happened but a few short years ago.

To be continued…

[sebbie]

One of the most interesting of all the aspects of being a guy is how the triggering mechanisms work to get a guy aroused. The triggering mechanism in any particular situation can be very simple or quite complicated. If a guy were simply watching TV or the movies, he would think that the only acceptable triggering mechanism would involve in some way another person, traditionally a female, but gay relationships in recent years in movies have become accepted as well, an practically no one give the entire subject of a gay relationship in a movie as being anything odd or different, and, this is as “normal as sunshine.” The public has come a long way on the entire subject in the last 25 years, but particularly so in the past 5 or 10 years. There are still remnants of the older perspectives on the subject, but these only occasionally pop up.

If you have been following what I have written over many chapters, you no doubt realize that I have a keen interest in what goes on inside a guy’s mind and body during the very initial stages of sexual arousal. Another way of looking at this is to better understand what exactly happened to a guy when a guy says “I’m feeling horny”. The movies seem to be fine with a guy feeling horny in any number of situations involving a sexual partner, female or, nowadays, male. If you watch movies as your sole source of information, you would think that a partner is the only path to feeling horny.

But, if you have been following the story line here, you probably now realize that a situation involving another person is not the only path to feeling horny. Heck, every guy past puberty knows that there are instances where you can feel quite horny without anyone else being present. Any guy who masturbates (all guys?) is thinking about SOMETHING during this time. I suppose it is more socially acceptable masturbation if a guy claims he is thinking about having “real sex” with a girl when he does it. That puts male masturbation firmly in the class of second-tier something or another, not real sex and certainly not as desirable as having real sex with a female partner, but perhaps just OK for now until a better opportunity involving a real sexual partner comes along.

I’ve long thought that this was a rather dreary view of solo sex. If the poor guy were not socially challenged he would not be doing this stuff to himself all alone, and certainly not on a regular basis. I fully realize that male masturbation, if discovered, could lead to teasing and bullying by male peers (and perhaps females too). However enlightened we have become as a society on matters such as gay relationships, sex and gay marriage, male masturbation remains still way in the backwaters from the perspective of societal understanding and acceptance. By definition, solo sex is sex in the absence of another person. If another person is present, even if not an active participant, that is not solo sex by definition.

Then there is the challenging area of dealing with various items of clothing, say a slick little swimming brief, something that quickly makes the nerve endings in a guy’s penis feel really, really good. Must the guy keep that inside as a deeply-buried secret? This is certainly not something a guy would dare admit to even close male friends, unless of course the friend or friends have the same “problem” as well. But then, is this triggering mechanism a problem or maybe an opportunity in disguise. Figuring all of this out in a specific situation a guy might face becomes really complicated. If I am enjoying myself wearing the brief, are the other guys doing the same thing somehow “brain dead” to all of this. How much about all of this dare I reveal and if I do reveal anything how do I go about doing that? Of course, if the arousal leads to a full-scale erection obvious to others, I have got a different (and more serious) problem to cope with than if I am only slightly aroused and occasionally dripping a few glistening drops of precum on my swim brief.

It’s interesting if the other guys are coping with the same problem when they put on their swim briefs too, and maybe the entire set of events is part of the male bonding process that swim teams undergo. Surely, this is not a subject that will come up in the movies or on TV.

Think about Dylan and Josh and what they have both been through in their dorm room at college. Josh bought a bunch of snug-fitting clothing items that he never dared to own when he was still in high school. But Josh quickly got dragged into doing the same thing. As things started out, each of them had the intent of trying out some new ways to masturbate involving slick-feeling and/or extremely snug fitting items. And the various items, swim briefs, straps, thongs, compression gear, singlets etc worked beautifully.

What neither of them counted on was the discovery that messing around in this way is a lot more interesting, psychologically, if there is another guy in the room who is experimenting in the same way. Dylan loved it when he realized that Josh was getting really horny wearing that little thong while playing with himself, and Josh was equally enamored with Josh’s struggles inside that little swimming brief. Is this a gay relationship of sorts or just two guys who together are having fun with their bodies? Good question.

Or, think way back to Bill and Joe who both went to bed wearing straps with cups and compression gear top and bottom. The fact that both of them were doing this over an entire night was more than a little bit interesting. And the idea that wearing such garb resulted in crazy versions of wet dreams made the entire sequence of events even more interesting for both. Part of the fun here is that it is not easy at all to get to the ejaculation point if you are wearing a hard cup in a strap, but even more difficult if snug-fitting compression shorts are holding the cup firmly in place so that it can’t move around a bit.

Try this stunt some time if you have not already. This sets you up for desperately wanting to get off but being unable to quite get where you can complete the task. Your penis will “know” the cup is present. This will drive you bananas but especially so if you drift into a light sleep and then start to have an erotic dream. Double bananas if there is a roommate in the bed next to you who is also trying to cope with the situation as best he can and facing the same set of problems. Wild stuff to mess around with for sure. Crazy, goofy fun. Fun that is not to be missed. I love just being a guy.

To be continued…

[sebbie]

As my longtime readers may know by now, I am fascinated in very real ways by various kinds of snug-fitting clothing, starting with swimming briefs but extending to a range of other items, many of which have been discussed at length here. Interestingly enough, the characters I have created over the many chapters, Dylan, Josh, Bill and Joe, have this in common with me, and have been placed in situations whereby they are 19-year old college students, roommates in cramped dorm rooms, and are struggling with how to deal with who they each are in this regard.

A lot of my readers have been following their exploits over the many story chapters here. I guess, if the “problems” faced by the characters in dealing with what might be seen as issues were not somehow of interest to my readers, my readers would have disappeared a long time ago. I’m never quite sure what to call what I write. I realize that some of the writings discuss stuff about guys that has not been put on paper before. The Internet is filled with all sorts of stuff related to human sexuality ranging from drab papers by medical doctors all the way to what can only be called hard-core pornography.

On top of that there is no shortage of writings dealing with various kinds of abnormal sexual behaviors ranging from pedophilia and other sexual predators, various kinds of sexual harassment in the workplace etc, not to mention discussions of sexually-motivated serial killers and very serious stuff.

Then, for “normal’ people there are all sorts of discussions related to sex and relationship issues and what is right versus wrong in that department, plus the most puzzling question of all, which is why if engaging in sex with a partner is the most wonderful thing ever, why do so many sexual relationships fall apart over the long haul?

Finally, there are the complexities of gay versus straight relationships, and the most fundamental question of why some people prefer to be sexually engaged with a person of the same sex while other people find this all to be repulsive? Why and when do individuals reach a solution in their specific situation, anyway? For that matter, what of those who think sexual relationships with a partner of either sex are not worthwhile, but prefer solo sex over the long haul?

In my mind there are basically three kinds of sexual behaviors. The first category consists of any activity that does harm to another person and could get the perpetrator into trouble with the law. This is sometimes referred to as abnormal sexual behavior and includes the sexual murderers, rapists, pedophiles plus a broad group of individuals in the class of sexual predators who are doing things that others in society might deem wrong. A masturbator who exposes himself at work would fall into this latter group under category 1.

The second category includes all of those who engage in sexual activities that society deems normal, historically heterosexual sex after marriage, but nowadays it’s a lot more complicated than that, and societal norms in this regard have been changing over time, often rapidly.

The third category includes all activities which create sexual feelings but do not involve another person of either sex, at least not directly. Since that is true, these activities do no harm to another person. Some might wonder how something that does not involve another person can possibly be sexually interesting, and I will let my readers think about that one for awhile.

I have been doing some reading on these subjects. Deep down I have long been wondering if there could be an explanation as to why some guys seem to get aroused by simply wearing a swimming brief but this doesn’t seem to affect many other guys necessarily in the same way. Wearing a snug-fitting swim brief and getting aroused by doing so is completely harmless fun, except of course if a guy gets himself in a situation whereby his situation gets noticed by others, often guys his same age. Do other guys face the same problem? If not, why not? Then I get myself thinking about complicated questions such as if you passed out swimming briefs to 10 (or 50) guys, what percentage of them would get noticeably aroused just putting the briefs on? And the even more complex question would be whether seeing the other guys facing the same dilemma would make the entire situation even more erotic. Given a choice, would most guys want to be in that room of other swimmer-guys where this is all happening, or not? Watching how other guys cope or not with the situation is interesting in itself.

Continues, below…

[sebbie]

Part of what sent me off in this direction was reading the Highline/Huffpost article that attempts to explain why there are so many sexual predators doing illegal sexual things that might result in serious criminal charges, but then also how this all relates or not to male sexuality what is considered normal sexual behavior falling into my categories 2 and 3 above. You are welcome to read the same content I am reading, here
https://highline.huffingtonpost.com/...ual-predators/

The article puts forth a number of different ideas and ties them all together. The claim is made that what a guy ultimately finds sexually arousing or not is actually laid down in males (and perhaps females) far earlier than puberty. The reference is to a period in a guy’s (and girl’s) life called adrenarche, in which the adrenal glands at the top of the kidneys start producing significant amounts of hormones. This occurs at ages 6-8, long before when real puberty sets in (10-12). The article claims that despite minimal physical changes, a host of things are going on in one’s mind and body that have sexual implications, most notably the determination of what a person will find to be sexually arousing or not after puberty. In other words, a guy age 6-8 might not realize that it would be sexually exciting to put on a swim brief, but the psychosexual pathways are already laid down such that this will become really interesting and fun to do once real puberty sets in 2-4 years later.

The weird part is perhaps the same with all the rest of it. What happens with respect to sexual behavior throughout adulthood was determined at a very early age. This might mean that the sexual pathways necessary to function as gay or straight might be determined at age 6-8 as well, not to mention the role that a partner might or might not play in adult sexual behavior. I’ve long observed that some guys, straight or gay, are consumed by the idea that sex means sex with a partner, while others not so much if at all. How important a partner is to one’s sexual being as an adult was actually determined at age 6-8. Whether or not you get aroused wearing snug-fitting clothing is the same deal.

The article goes further to claim that what is happening at anderarche also sets up people, normally males, for a host of different potentially criminal sexual behaviors ranging from rape, pedophilia, sexual predators of various sorts and even including sexually-motivated serial killers. MOST guys do not end up engaging in anything potentially criminal, but also, obviously, some do.

Having a sexual partner obviously plays a much bigger role for some guys than others. For that matter, the various ways of engaging in solo sex and what might or might not be a turn-on varies from one guy to another as well. You might say “Meh” to a specific activity that I might find extremely arousing. But the same for me and the stuff you really like. In partner sex, this is all referred to euphorically as “sexual compatibility”. Relationships generally shine when partners are sexually compatible, though partners never seem to fully understand this until after they are well into pairing up mode if not married.

Which brings us back to Josh and Dylan—the two college roommates who happened at random to be rooming together in the same tight quarters. Both of them had this sexual “thing” for snug-fitting clothing, although Josh did not fully appreciate his own situation until he actually saw what Dylan was doing with and to himself. And Dylan did not realize that he was psychologically sensitive to what Josh was doing in the skimpy little thong until the situation was right there in front of Dylan to see. Now we know that the psychosexual pathways that make this all possible were laid down long before puberty, perhaps as early as 6-8.

Stay tuned…

[sebbie]

From the very first time I saw a guy wearing a swim brief, I knew that was something that I definitely wanted to be able to do myself. I didn’t know how I was going to set up a situation where I could do that, but something—I wasn’t sure what—was calling me, loudly. I just couldn’t seem to get out of my head the whole idea of having my groin area encased in such a skimpy, snug-fitting garment. I didn’t understand the nuances of what was driving me to think like this, except that whatever it was seemed to be coming through loud and clear and capturing my attention over and over.

At that age, I was still learning stuff about myself and my body. I supposed I was not unlike any other guy my age—I was starting to appreciate how sensitive my penis was to anything that touched it, my fingers perhaps, but what about articles of clothing that accidentally happened to rub against it. It didn’t take me long to learn that the likelihood of this happening was greater the snugger the garment, and that the material used in the garment could be important too—smooth and slick was going to feel better than rough and course.

Somehow, a swim brief checked all the boxes in this respect, better than anything else out there, at least at the time. Snug-fitting? Yup! Smooth and slick? Of course! For a guy who was enamored with the sensations his penis was capable of producing, a snug-fitting swim brief was the “mother lode” of discovery.

I didn’t fully understand or appreciate what was going on with me in this regard, except to realize that whatever it was seemed really important. I was excited about the prospects, but scared and concerned as well. Was I “normal”? Did other guys my age have these same issues and problems? Was what I was going through OK? Is this something that I should logically be ashamed of? These are complicated questions, and not questions any guy at that age should be able to resolve.

I naturally assumed that what I had accidentally uncovered here was a short-term, temporary phenomenon, and once I reached adulthood such “silliness” would get replaced with something still more complicated but better, as in sex with a female partner. I was clueless as to how that was supposed to work. The whole subject of having sexual fun while wearing a swimming brief seemed to be light years different from that of developing a relationship involving sex with a (female) partner. Surely these two ideas could not somehow co-exist, or could they?

Then there are all the complicated side questions. Starting with the question of what happens if I manage to somehow obtain a snug-fitting swimming brief and immediately get so turned on that all I want to do is jerk off in that? That is an obvious puzzle that needs a resolution. How am I going to pull that off given that is one thing that I would really like to experience. But I need privacy to pull that off. Where? When, and what if, by accident, I get discovered? How am I going to explain this to anyone who might figure out what I am doing to and with myself?

This is where life for guys gets really, really complicated. I keep imagining I am with a group of other guys my age who are all dealing with the same issue and doing the same thing. But is this realistic? Perhaps I could be the only guy who is having this problem and the other guys, not aroused at all when putting on their briefs, are just taking the whole thing in stride, wearing a snug-fitting swim brief is just as normal as sunshine! I’m getting really worried now.

But what if the other guys seem to be getting aroused to varying degrees as well? Perhaps I am NOT the only guy who has a problem. Things happen. I know I am really psychologically sensitive particularly when I see other guys wearing swim briefs with partially erect penises in the “up” position. Seeing the outline of the underside of a penis pressing hard against the swim brief somehow does stuff to me, stuff that happens in both my head and in my groin. I love it, but it makes me apprehensive as well.

Then there is the whole subject of drops of precum. I can’t help myself. If I see another guy in a swim brief penis clearly up, I can’t resist looking to see if he is dripping an occasional drop through the brief at the point where the very tip of the penis is located. Am I the only guy who pays any attention to this or is this normal for guys to do? Does this mean I am gay, or have a gay streak? What in the world is going on here from a psychosexual perspective?

I have yet to sort this all out. At one point I thought that this was all something guys might find interesting in their teen years, but then quickly discard as partner sex soon replaced such ideas. After all these years, that never happened and I still find these issues fascinating to ponder.

Now I read that biologically, all of this stuff is laid down in guys even well before puberty, at anderarche, as early as 6-8 years of age. At that age, I had no real awareness of things like swimming briefs, except to say that is where the preconditions to all of this gets fixed, and all the rest. This is all interesting, but scary.

I’m also still trying to determine how this all gets sorted out once guys form relationship bonds. A presume that gay guys have it easier carrying this stuff into a relationship than straight guys do. Sharing the stuff I just told you with another male as a sexual partner just seems a whole lot easier than trying to explain it all to a female partner, even if I were somehow willing to do that.

Then I get into really complicated questions about what a sexual relationship really involves. Are Dylan and Josh involved in some sort of gay relationship despite having never even touched each other, let alone exchanged bodily fluids in any way? What exactly does a sexual relationship with another person involve anyway?

To be continued…

[sebbie]

This is a fascinating question. I have learned recently that when it comes to being aroused and able to enjoy snug-fitting clothing of various sorts is something that likely gets laid down at a very early age, maybe well before real puberty sets in, if we assume that for males real puberty roughly happens with the first ejaculation of semen. This is complicated but most interesting stuff to think about. It suggest that even though a guy may not be old enough to even begin to happen to his mind and body as he becomes a young adult, very early on a guy knows that something interesting and ultimately important is happening to him.

That something, of course, is the sensations that he is starting to feel of various sorts emanating from the groin area and the gradual discovery that a guy has a degree of control over when and how this all happens to him. Fun stuff, but, in a way, quite scary as well. One of the first things a guy learns is that there are certain things, perhaps best called situations that can occur which results in very pleasant feelings and a desire to do more of that. What kinds of situations? You might first think of a guy rubbing or stroking certain body parts with pleasant results, that is, feelings and sensations, sometimes referred to as plain ordinary masturbation. All guys do that, well at least nearly all guys do that. This is almost always done in private, under a cloud of secrecy and without any other person present, whether that other person is a parent, a sibling or a peer. At least, most guys quickly try to engage in such activity in a very covert matter.

But most guys also quickly learn that masturbation is more than just touching and stroking oneself in private. There are other things that seem to work as well or better in setting off a flood of pleasant sensations and feelings…smooth, snug-fitting clothing, for example, can frequently be a significant and helpful “aid” in this regard.

This is where stuff has always gotten really complicated for me. One of the interesting aspects of all of this is not only the self-discovery part (which I was always very fond of pursuing) but also many attempts to put together the parts of the puzzle that I didn’t fully understand. Some of you might think this would involve how couples engage in sex with each other, but my primary concern has instead always been understanding more fully how the other guys, friends, related male peers who are not siblings and similar, were dealing with the same feelings, issues and sensations that I was experiencing in this regard. In short, I’ve always wanted to learn more about what other guys my age enjoyed doing with and to themselves. Given what I was experiencing, surely something similar was happening to other guys around me as well. Do other guys have the same problems” and how to they cope with the situation.

What does this have to do with snug-fitting swim briefs, anyway? Turns out, quite a bit. Back when I was about 11 or so, my male cousin, a year younger than me, came to visit from the West coast. I always looked to my West coast cousins for ideas with respect to what they were doing differently from what me, living in a landlocked state, was able to do.

So, we all went down to the lake, swimming. There were my two cousins, one a year younger than I, and the other a year older, were both wearing swim briefs. The older cousin had a maroon one, but what was really getting me going was what the younger cousin was wearing, a slick-and-bright royal blue one with stripes of white piping down both sides.

And the younger cousin obviously really loved that little bright blue brief. He was so fond of it that when he got through in the water, he didn’t remove it but just slipped on a pair of shorts over. And interestingly, he was planning on spending the night at my parent’s place and would be sleeping with me in my bedroom with me.

As it turns out, he was still wearing the bold blue suit that night. This happened a long time ago, but he slept in the suit for part of the night, then pulled it off and laid it on the top of the bed. I so wanted to try it on myself to see if it felt as good as it looked, but that possibility, sadly, was beyond me. That night proceeded with me still having had an all-new appreciation for all of this. In retrospect, I have to believe that the reason my cousin wore that suit for so long (his mom thought it was a bit weird but she let him do it anyway) was because, he had discovered that he could enjoy himself that way without anyone else around him being the wiser as to what he was experiencing. I doubt he appreciated the fact that in the process he was driving me bananas too.

To this day, bright royal blue swim briefs still quickly “do it” for me, but especially so if they have white piping down the sides. Years later, I actually found a royal blue Speedo® with white piping, one that came in one of those famous little cardboard boxes.

Many guys have expressed a fondness for swim brief of a certain color. I have a hunch this is because a particular color brings back fond memories of a first encounter with a brief of that color, and way fornd memories of enjoying oneself in that particular colored brief based on events that might have taken place a long time ago. What this color might be varies by the individual and what the situation might have been.

For example, some guys seem to be fond of a dark green suit with white stripes. This fondness for a certain color and the arousal associated with it goes beyond simply liking a particular cut and fit. Like the royal blue Speedo® with the white piping, these connections may have ended up getting glued to a guy’s brain many, many years ago, but still work. This is stuff most guys would still never dare talking about with a partner, but gay guys may find this easier than straight guys in this regard. I have long suspected that nearly every guy must have stuff like this bouncing around in his head, irrespective of sexual orientation.

To be continued…